Texas-based Exxon Mobil and Suncor Energy will ask the U.S. Supreme Court on Monday to block a Colorado climate-damages lawsuit, in a case that could shape whether similar claims against energy companies can proceed nationwide.
The justices will hear Suncor Energy (U.S.A.) Inc. v. County Commissioners of Boulder County, No. 25-170, according to the court docket. The case leads the argument calendar for October 5, with the session beginning at 9 a.m. Central.
Exxon maintains its headquarters in Spring, north of Houston. The company announced its relocation from Irving in 2022, as previously reported by The Dallas Express.
What Boulder wants
Boulder County and the city of Boulder allege the companies knowingly contributed to climate change by producing and selling fossil fuels while misleading the public about the risks. Their claims include public and private nuisance, trespass, unjust enrichment and civil conspiracy, according to Boulder’s brief.
The local governments seek monetary damages for harm to their property and costs of protecting residents’ health and safety. They say they are not asking courts to halt oil and gas operations or impose emissions limits. They still must prove their claims.
The Colorado Supreme Court rejected the companies’ federal preemption arguments in May 2025, allowing the case to continue. That ruling did not establish liability or award damages.
Who controls climate claims
The central question is whether federal law bars state-law claims seeking compensation for injuries allegedly caused by interstate and international greenhouse-gas emissions affecting the global climate.
Colorado cannot use its laws to govern emissions beyond its borders or interfere with federal control over foreign affairs, the companies’ brief argues. Exxon and Suncor also contend that the Clean Air Act’s federal regulatory framework displaces these claims. Seeking damages from fuel producers, they argue, still amounts to regulating emissions.
Boulder counters that the Clean Air Act regulates emissions sources, not deceptive marketing or the production and sale of fossil fuels. It argues that Congress displaced earlier federal common law without categorically eliminating state-law remedies for local injuries.
The Trump administration supports the companies. Its federal filing urges reversal, arguing that Boulder’s claims intrude on federal authority and conflict with the Clean Air Act. The Court has granted the administration time to participate in arguments.
Can the Court hear the appeal now
The justices also directed both sides to address whether the Court has statutory and Article III jurisdiction, meaning legal authority to hear this appeal.
That dispute involves two questions: whether the Colorado decision qualifies as a final judgment under federal law, even though the lawsuit continues, and whether it causes an injury sufficient to satisfy the Constitution’s requirements for federal court review.
The companies say the decision ended a separate state Supreme Court proceeding and exposes them to litigation costs and potential liability. Boulder says the appeal comes too early and the prospect of liability remains speculative.
A ruling on federal preemption could affect similar lawsuits against energy producers. A jurisdictional dismissal would leave that broader legal dispute unresolved in this appeal.
Justice Samuel Alito will not participate, according to a September 28 clerk’s letter, which gave no reason. Monday’s proceeding is oral argument, not a scheduled ruling on the lawsuit.
