Being born prematurely can lead to substantial long-term challenges, according to a new study.
Research published in JAMA Network Open reveals that individuals born preterm (before 37 weeks) often face persistent obstacles in employment, education, and earnings throughout their lives. These findings stem from data on over 2.5 million people across various countries, according U.S. News & World Report.
The study showed that preterm individuals are less likely to complete higher education and secure well-paying jobs, affecting their overall financial stability. Many preterm adults hold lower-level job roles, compared to their full-term counterparts who are more often in managerial or professional positions by midlife.
A key contributor to these disadvantages may be health and developmental hurdles that often accompany preterm births. Early birth can interrupt brain development, which might impact cognitive skills necessary for academic and career success. The lead author, Dr. Casey Crump, indicated that not all preterm individuals encounter these struggles, but their odds are higher compared to those born at full term.
The level of prematurity also influences outcomes. People born extremely preterm (before 28 weeks) generally experience the most significant barriers in education and career paths. This highlights the potential benefit of targeted support services during childhood for those born at the earliest stages.
Researchers hope that early intervention programs focused on education, healthcare, and career support can help counter some of these disadvantages. Such efforts could enable preterm individuals to achieve better lifelong outcomes and improved quality of life.
With approximately 10% of all global births occurring prematurely, the study underscores the importance of understanding these impacts. Policymakers are encouraged to use this data to establish systems supporting the long-term success of people born preterm.
Written with the assistance of artificial intelligence.